Durante doing so I will keep to the order indicated above, and discuss how such principalities are to be ruled and preserved

I will leave out all discussion on republics, inasmuch as sopra another place I have written of them at length, and will address myself only sicuro principalities.

I say at once there are fewer difficulties in holding hereditary states, and those long accustomed puro the family of their prince, than new ones; for it is sufficient only not esatto transgress the customs of his ancestors, and esatto deal prudently with circumstances as they arise, for per prince of average powers esatto maintain himself in his state, unless he be deprived of it by some extraordinary and superflue force; and if he should be so deprived of it, whenever anything sinister happens esatto the usurper, he adultspace incontri app will regain it.

We have in Italy, for example, the Duke of Ferrara, who could not have withstood the attacks of the Venetians durante ’84, nor those of Pope Julius con ’10, unless he had been long established mediante his dominions. For the hereditary prince has less cause and less necessity puro offend; hence it happens that he will be more loved; and unless extraordinary vices cause him preciso be hated, it is reasonable to expect that his subjects will be naturally well disposed towards him; and per the antiquity and duration of his rule the memories and motives that make for change are lost, for one change always leaves the toothing for another.

CHAPTER III. CONCERNING MIXED PRINCIPALITIES

And firstly, if it be not entirely new, but is, as it were, per member of verso state which, taken collectively, may be called composite, the changes arise chiefly from an inherent difficulty which there is durante all new principalities; for men change their rulers willingly, hoping to better themselves, and this hope induces them to take up arms against him who rules: wherein they are deceived, because they afterwards find by experience they have gone from bad to worse. This follows also on another natural and common necessity, which always causes a new prince esatto burden those who have submitted sicuro him with his soldiery and with infinite other hardships which he must put upon his new acquisition.

In this way you have enemies durante all those whom you have injured durante seizing that principality, and you are not able onesto keep those friends who put you there because of your not being able puro satisfy them in the way they expected, and you cannot take strong measures against them, feeling bound to them. For, although one may be very strong con armed forces, yet durante entering per province one has always need of the goodwill of the natives.

For these reasons Louis the Twelfth, King of France, quickly occupied Milan, and as quickly lost it; and esatto turn him out the first time it only needed Lodovico’s own forces; because those who had opened the gates sicuro him, finding themselves deceived con their hopes of future benefit, would not endure the ill-treatment of the new prince. It is very true that, after acquiring rebellious provinces verso second time, they are not so lightly lost afterwards, because the prince, with little reluctance, takes the opportunity of the rebellion esatto punish the delinquents, preciso clear out the suspects, and puro strengthen himself durante the weakest places. Thus preciso cause France esatto lose Milan the first time it was enough for the Duke Lodovico onesto raise insurrections on the borders; but puro cause him to lose it verso second time it was necessary onesto bring the whole world against him, and that his armies should be defeated and driven out of Italy; which followed from the causes above mentioned.